When working with crosstabs, you have the option to use mathematical formulas similar to those in Excel. However, instead of addressing a cell, here you select row or column labels (header labels).
How to enable Math on crosstab
Go to Project settings → Settings → Math;
Tick the box provided to enable the display of Math formulas in the Crosstab
After enabling the math feature, the "MATH" button is displayed above the table in the crosstab interface.
Here you can also determine what will be taken as the base for mathematical expressions in the case of different bases:
AVG - as an average of bases;
SUM - as a sum of bases;
MIN - as a minimum base;
MAX - as a maximum base.
How to use MATH in a crosstab
The DVI interface has a special window for entering formulas. Here we've added a prompting option for ease of use.
Click the MATH button to open the MATH window
First, select whether the calculation results will be displayed in a row or column. Depending on this, you can operate with variables in rows or columns respectively for some calculations;
Press Ctrl+Space/Cmd+Space to activate prompts;
Enter an expression you need in the MATH window, using formulas and arithmetic operations;
Click the 'Add' button and get the result in a row/column.
In the prompts, presented header labels of rows/columns are marked with the 'x' symbol; the functions are marked with the 'f' symbol.
Syntax & Formulas Usage
A range of functions represent metrics that previously had to be deliberately added to a crosstab. Now you can get the value of a metric by a function, then apply a mathematical operation to it.
These metric functions are:
Syntax | Result |
MEAN('header label') | returns the mean value based on the digit value of the selected variable |
BASE('header label')Stat.Base UBASE('header label')Unweight.Base | returns the base value of the selected variable;
returns the statistical base value;
returns the unweighted base value of the selected variable;
returns the common unweighted base value |
CNT('header label') | returns the count of the selected variable |
HPT('header label') | returns the horizontal percent of the selected variable |
VPT('header label') | returns the vertical percent of the selected variable |
VOL('header label') | returns the volume value of the selected variable |
Other functions give you the following results:
Syntax | Result |
ABS('header label') | returns the absolute value of the chosen variable or the expression |
AVG('header label') | returns the average value of the chosen variable or the expression |
AVG.INC('header label') | returns the average value of the chosen variable or the expression including SYSMIS |
AVG.EXC('header label') | returns the average value of the chosen variable or the expression excluding SYSMIS |
AVG.P('header label') | means AVG Post and returns the average value of the chosen variable or the expression after masking was applied |
Weight.Avg('header label') | returns the average value from a weighted base |
CELL('header label 1','header label 2') | returns the value of a particular cell by specifying ‘column, row’ OR ‘row, column’ respectively, using commas |
CORREL('header label') | returns the correlation coefficient of the selected category relative to the others in the rows/columns |
COUNT | returns the number of rows or columns with variable values in the table; series with MATH or logical expressions are excluded from counting |
CUMULATE('variable label') | returns cumulative totals for rows/columns |
MAX('header label a', 'header label b', ... 'header label x') | returns the largest value in a set of values |
MAX.Label | returns the label of a largest value in a row/column |
MIN('header label a', 'header label b', ... 'header label x') | returns the smallest value in a set of values |
MEDIAN | returns the median value of all series |
LINEST('header label') | takes a row or column as an input and produces a row or a column with the linear approximation. It returns a line that fits the provided points. |
PERCENTRANK('header label') | returns the percentage rank of a value in a row/column |
RANK('header label') | returns the rank of a value in a row/column. See the example below |
RANK P.('header label') | returns the perpendicular rank of the value: the rank within the row will be displayed in the column and vice versa. See the example below |
ROUND('header label','decimal') | returns a value in a row/column rounded to an indicated decimal point |
SUM('header label a', 'header label b', ... 'header label x') | returns the value of the sum of the given set of variables |
CORREL calculations
Unlike the CORREL metric, the mathematical formula for calculating the correlation coefficient is applied not to a single cell, but to two ranges of cells. Here is an image with an example, of how CORREL is calculated for the range of Brand-1 (Range 1) and other brands (Range and Range 3).
RANK and RANK P. calculations
Here the ranking calculation range for brand 3 is highlighted in green and the perpendicular ranking calculation range for brand 3 is highlighted in yellow. Thus, in the case of regular rank, the rank in the column is calculated. In the case of perpendicular - the rank within the row will be displayed in the column.
